The German-North American Resources Partnership (GNARP) supports the acquisition, sharing, and use of German-language materials among North American libraries, and the fostering of closer collaboration with German research libraries.
GNARP is made possible through the support of the Center for Research Libraries, which serves as its administrative, fiscal, and legal agent.
These working groups are composed of librarians employed by member institutions. They make use of new technologies to explore and develop more effective collaboration and resource sharing, especially through the negotiation of advantageous licenses to German databases for North American member libraries. Recent new initiatives include websites that identify holdings of Germany newspapers and members willing to facilitate internships and visits at their institutions for professionals from the other country. Please contact us with your suggestions for new resources and collaborations.
GNARP Meeting Minutes and other information related to the ongoing work of GNARP may be found in the GNARP workspace [3].
The German-North American Resources Partnership (GNARP) is one of the working projects of the Global Resources Network. Originally known as the German Demonstration Project, it was renamed German Resources Project in 1998 to reflect its establishment as a long-term project focusing on improving the effective acquisition, sharing, and use of German-language materials among North American libraries and also the fostering of closer collaboration with German research libraries. In 2002 it adopted its current name to emphasize the goal of transatlantic collaboration. Currently there are 48 member libraries in North America and six German members.
GNARP is coordinated by a Steering Committee and governed by Bylaws. The Steering Committee and working groups normally meet each year at ALA Annual and they usually hold a virtual meeting just after ALA Midwinter. Under the Bylaws, the number of working groups and areas of activity are flexible.
The name of the body is the German-North American Resources Partnership (GNARP)/ Deutsch-Nordamerikanische Bibliotheksgemeinschaft (DNABG). GNARP/DNABG is an unincorporated association, with the Center for Research Libraries (CRL) acting in the capacity of fiscal and legal agent.
The purpose of GNARP/DNABG is to improve access to German and German language resources for libraries and to North American resources for German libraries; promote collaboration and resource sharing among North American libraries; make collections more interconnected; promote collaboration and resource sharing between North American and German libraries. These bylaws regulate the organization operating in North America. GNARP/DNABG encourages German librarians to participate in the North American organization but also to establish a partner organization in Germany.
Amendments to the Bylaws may be proposed by any Institutional Member of GNARP/DNABG. Amendments must be submitted in writing to the Steering Committee and shall be considered at the subsequent Steering Committee meeting. A simple majority vote by the Steering Committee ensures the placement of the proposed amendment on the ballot at the next GNARP elections.
Amendments to the Bylaws shall be conducted by mail or electronic ballot. A proposed amendment is considered adopted if it receives a two-thirds affirmative vote from voting Member Representatives. The Chair shall arrange to add the adopted amendment to the official copies of the Bylaws.
These Bylaws shall come into force upon adoption by a two-thirds affirmative vote from voting Institutional Members.
Meeting Minutes and other information related to the ongoing work of GNARP may be found in the GNARP Workspace [3].
The GNARP Workspace is a wiki tool that members can access to review and edit or add content. It is open only to GNARP Members. Contact [12] the CRL representative for information on access to the Workspace.
The Steering Committee is empowered to conduct the business of GNARP in accordance with the recommendations of the membership; approve and enact project activities; discuss and recommend future policy or changes in policy to be adopted by the membership; make budgetary decisions for GNARP; approach funding agencies; conduct periodic membership drives; and maintain communication with scholarly and professional associations as well as with other, similar cooperative projects.
Chair (2022–24): Dr. Jeremy Ott, University of California, Berkeley
Vice-Chair (2022–24): Walter Schlect, Washington University
Secretary (2022–24): Deborah Raftus, University of Washington
Working Group Chairs
Collection Development Working Group: Walter Schlect, Washington University (2022–24)
Engagement and Outreach Working Group: Michael Printy, Yale Univeristy (2024–26)
Ex-Officio Steering Committee Members
David B. Morris, Library of Congress
Marlies Bauhofer, Center for Research Libraries
Members-at-Large
Brian Vetruba, University of Minnesota
Note: Minutes of the GNARP Steering Committee Meetings and other information related to the Steering Committee’s work can be found in the GNARP Steering Committee Workspace http://workspace.crl.edu/display/gnarpsc/Home [14]
The institutional memory of an organization, including its origins, successes, and challenges, is vital to the examination of its purpose and for its continued usefulness. It is hoped that the following history will serve this purpose for GNARP.
1. Issues in German Collection Development
2. Origins of the German Demonstration Project and the German Resources Project
3. Activities of the Original Working Groups
4. Current Bylaws and the Reconfiguration of the Working Groups
5. Past Chairs of GNARP and its Working Groups
The German-North American Resources Partnership (GNARP) is one of the working projects of the Global Resources Network. As with the other projects in the Global Resources Network, GNARP faces unique challenges in acquiring research material for North American libraries. German scholarly production is both prolific and international in significance. In a number of disciplines, such as archeology, biblical studies, ancient history, linguistics, philosophy, and music,a familiarity with the respective German research is considered a prerequisite to mastering the scholarship of these fields. As a nation of critical and demanding readers, Germany publishes more new titles of books annually than the U.S. (even though Germany’s population is less than a third than that of the U.S.). Though the system of German publishing is well-organized, the sheer output of valuable scholarly material creates special demands on North American research libraries that seek to adequately collect the published research emanating from German-speaking countries.
Over the past 20 years, collection development budgets have not been able to keep pace with the growth in German-language scholarship. Compounded with the high inflation rate for German books, as well as a strong German mark in international exchange, North American libraries have been faced with serious cuts in collection levels for German-language materials. Even larger North American research libraries have recognized that systematically collecting German-language materials in various academic disciplines has become virtually impossible, both financially and in terms of administering a comprehensive collection development policy. With the growing effectiveness of interlibrary loan, libraries have de facto come to rely on this means for satisfying patron needs for scholarly material.
For these reasons, the Global Resources Network decided to include German-language research materials as one of its areas of focus. Fully embracing the promise of emerging technologies, as well as the need to promote more effective sharing and cooperation among libraries, the goal of the Network is to create interdependent structures in shifting collection development policies. Involving a move from ownership-oriented to access-oriented policies, the intent is to help libraries maximize their long-term investment in German-language scholarship. In shifting the focus to access, libraries can then engage a portion of their resources to provide effective tools for searching and identifying needed materials in a given universe of resources, as well as in developing mechanisms for delivery.
With funding from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, German and North American librarians from participating institutions met in summer 1998 at the Library of Congress to develop goals and long-term plans for the newly named German Resources Project. The meeting inaugurated a one-year effort focused on improving access to research materials among participating libraries, designing German and North American digital collection development agreements, and facilitating document delivery. Dr. Elmar Mittler of the Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek helped to direct the project in Germany, hosting a followup meeting at his library in Göttingen in 1999. The funding from the Mellon Foundation encouraged the development of American and German digital collection development agreements, stimulated improved document delivery, and resulted in a report on the means to improve access to German digital material and Internet publications.
During this period of reorganization, the Project was co-chaired by Sarah Thomas of Cornell University and Winston Tabb of the Library of Congress. Project Coordinator was Roger Brisson of Pennsylvania State University. In addition to facilitating the development of project initiatives, the project coordinator also served as liaison to colleagues in German research libraries who have become strategic partners in the project. In less than a year, more than 35 ARL libraries signed on with the project. The project enacted bylaws in 2001, and Tom Kilton of Illinois and Lou Pitschmann of Wisconsin were elected co-chairs. Under their successor, Jeff Garrett of Northwestern, the project adopted a new name, German-North American Resources Partnership, in order to better reflect the idea of mutual benefit that had enspirited the initial meeting in Washington, D.C., and Göttingen.
Departing from the project’s original idea of distributed collection development of print resources, the Collection Development Working Group identified German databases for which it negotiated advantageous license terms for member libraries in North America: xipolis, DigiZeitschriften, and Bibliographie der deutschen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. In the spirit of parternship, we asked: what is the benefit of these licenses for our German colleagues, aside from the revenue to the German rights holders? The contact partnerships plan arose at Göttingen to answer this challenge. Attracted by the German system of distributed responsibility for subject collecting, the plan proposed that each German subject specialist be paired with an American counterpart. Each would serve as a contact person for the other, and the American partner would interpret the relatively diffuse and confusing collection landscape in North America for the German one. GNARP conferences in Germany, in Munich and in Frankfurt, featured presentations by contact partners on their collections in South Asian, African, and Jewish Studies.
The other working groups also recorded significant successes. The Document Delivery Working Group designed a framework for the electronic delivery of articles via the Göttingen library called GBVdirekt. The delivery of scarce German articles in humanities and social science fields was a remarkable gain for specialized American researchers, but there was also an unexpected demand for articles in the natural sciences. Differences in the interpretation of copyright law and payments eventually made this system untenable and it had to be shut down. After awaiting for some years a resolution of legal issues that would enable GBVdirekt to be revived for some years, GNARP decided to suspend this working group in 2007. Individual libraries are able to provide document delivery services (and interlibrary loan of returnables) on a bilateral basis, for which GNARP is not needed.
The Bibliographic Control Working Group served as a forum for consultation among German and North American catalogers for several years. The group completed a translation of Anglo-American Cataloging Rules II into German, and also sponsored a dialogue on German and American cataloging cultures at the Frankfurt conference. After these events, however, we had to conclude that the most important German-American discussions and decisions were taking place in other bodies. The experience with the Digital Libraries Working Group was similar: it pursued useful German-American discussions about standards for digital libraries, but decisions were being made elsewhere. Much of the digital library work for German resources in North American libraries was being achieved through GNARP licenses in fact. Therefore it was decided in 2007 to suspend the Bibliographic Control Working Group and to fold Digital Libraries into the Collection Development Working Group. The latter has found its work continues to be focused on database licenses, while the role of the contact partnerships has fallen short of expectations.
The first bylaws of GNARP, and the new version ratified in 2008 under the Chairmanship of Jim Niessen of Rutgers, provide for flexibility in the creation and suspension of working groups as need arises. GNARP and the other members of the Global Resources Program now operate under the auspices of the Center for Research Libraries, a membership organization aimed at the sharing of resources. In order to support administrative overhead by CRL and tie members more closely to the mission of the parent organization, GNARP now collects modest annual dues of its institutional members in North America, but not in Germany. GNARP has taken the opportunity of attendance at annual librarians’ congresses in Germany (Deutsche Bibliothekartage) to explore potential areas of activity for which GNARP can serve a useful role for our German colleagues. A new Librarian Exchange Working Group arose in 2008 and presented its new clearinghouse for potential internship hosts in North America at the Bibliothekartag in Erfurt in June 2009. The GNARP business meeting in Erfurt elicited renewed interest in a proposed working group for American Studies librarians.
GNARP Chair
2015-2016 Brian Vetruba, Washington University
2015 Erika Banski, University of Alberta
2014-2015 Elizabeth Chenault, University of North Carolina
2010-2014 Kizer Walker, Cornell University
2006-2010 James Niessen, Rutgers University
2002-2006 Jeff Garrett, Northwestern University
1999-2002 Louis Pitschmann, University of Alabama
GNARP Vice Chair
2015 Brian Vetruba, Washington University
2014-2015 Erika Banski, University of Alberta
2012-2014 Elizabeth Chenault, University of North Carolina
2010-2012 Thea Lindquist, University of Colorado, Boulder
2008-2010 Dale Askey, Kansas State University
2004-2006 James Niessen, Rutgers University
GNARP Collection Development Working Group Chair
2014-2016 Heidi Madden, Duke University
2012-2014 Gordon Anderson, University of Minnesota
2008-2012 Kate Brooks, University of Minnesota
2006-2008 Richard Hacken, Brigham Young University
2004-2006 James Niessen, Rutgers University
2003 Barbara Walden, University of Minnesota
2000-2001 Thomas Kilton, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
1999 Michael Olson, Harvard University
GNARP Librarian Exchange Working Group
2013-2017 James Niessen, Rutgers University
2008-2013 Brigitte Doellgast, Goethe-Institut, New York
2008 Jeff Garrett, Northwestern University
GNARP Digital Libraries Working Group
2006-2008 Sebastian Hierl, Harvard University
2004-2006 Richard Hacken, Brigham Young University
1999-2004 Michael Seadle, Michigan State University
GNARP Document Delivery Working Group
2002-2006 Lynn Wiley, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
1999-2001 Sem Sutter, University of Chicago
GNARP Bibliographic Control Working Group
2006-2008 Charles Croissant, Saint Louis University
2002-2006 Roger Brisson
1999 Karl Fattig, Bowdoin College
The Global Resources Network [17], based at the Center for Research Libraries [18] in Chicago, welcomes the active participation of North American and German libraries wishing to further the goals of the German-North American Resources Partnership (GNARP).
CRL asks that a library formally join the Project if one or more of its staff are interested in participating in GNARP activities and in furthering its goals. The level of involvement depends on the degree to which individual institutions wish to devote staff resources to furthering the goals of the Project. As with any collaborative endeavor, GNARP’s success depends on institutional commitment and active participation.
Institutions wishing to become involved in the German-North American Resources Partnership should fill out the Participant Agreement for Institutions. As of FY19, Institutional Members of GNARP in North America pay an annual membership fee. The fee is U.S. $250 for institutions that are CRL members; the fee is U.S. $350 per year for institutions that are not CRL members.
Individuals who work at institutions that are not institutional members may join GNARP by filling out the Individual Participant Agreement. There is no membership fee for Individual Members of GNARP.
To learn more about GNARP, please contact Marlies Bauhofer [19], Collections Services Librarian at the Center for Research Libraries.
Project Chair: Dr. Jeremy Ott, [21] University of California, Berkeley
For general information about GNARP, please contact Marlies Bauhofer [19].
GNARP has made important contributions to the projects listed below:
The links within this resource are arranged by broad subject categories, based on those used by WEBIS Sammelschwerpunkte (areas of collection emphasis) as well as by format, genre, or multidisciplinary categories. This inventory is a gated wiki and members are encouraged to add new links as new digital projects are developed and become known.
The Bildarchiv der Deutschen Kolonialgesellschaft, hosted by the University of Frankfurt Library, is an online, fully searchable archive of 50,000 nineteenth- and early twentieth-century photographs once owned by the German Colonial Society. In October 2003, GNARP received a request from colleagues in Frankfurt to help make the site searchable in English. Helene Baumann of Duke University, then the GNARP contact partner for African Studies, volunteered to lead the effort. With a Coutts Nijhoff grant from the Western European Studies Section (WESS) of ACRL, Baumann has launched a project with Frankfurt Africanists that aspired to establish global searches of historical archives of African colonial photographs in Germany, Switzerland, and the United States.
The Bibliographic Control working group engaged in a cooperative international undertaking to translate the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR2) into German. Roger Brisson, then-Coordinator of the German Resources Project; Heidi Hutchinson, librarian at the University of California–Riverside; and Monika Münich of the University of Heidelberg Library coordinated the effort. The translation project was completed in 2002 and published by Saur Verlag: Anglo-Amerikanische Katalogisierungsregeln (ISBN: 3-598-11432-X). For more information about the book click on the link above or search for Anglo-Amerikanische Katalogisierungsregeln on the publisher’s website: http://www.degruyter.com/ [26]
Through its Collection Development Working Group [1], GNARP facilitates licensing of specialized electronic resources [27].
CRL negotiates on behalf of GNARP institutions to license specialized German-language databases for members of GNARP. The GNARP Collection Development Working Group [1] plays an active role in identifying databases of interest to GNARP and identifying the subscription terms that would be acceptable to GNARP institutions.
GNARP currently facilitates subscriptions for its members for the electronic resources listed below:
The Bibliographie der deutschen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft [29] (Bibliography of German Language and Literature Research) was started in 1957 by Hanns W. Eppelsheimer of the University of Frankfurt and continued by Clemens Köttelwesch. It is the largest and most authoritative index of published research on all areas of German philology. Long available as a hard-to-use CD-ROM, it went online in 2004 as a joint project of the Frankfurt University Library and the German publisher V. Klostermann.
Bibliography of Linguistics Literature Online [30] currently has 300,000 citations, with 10,000 added annually. Articles in journals and collected studies are included from fields of general linguistics, English, Romance languages, and German and other languages to a lesser degree. The search interface is in English.
The Datenbank-Paket Duden [31] is a suite of reference sources in German, containing works by major German publishers Duden. 17 titles are included in the package.
DigiZeitschriften [32] is the premier collection of backfiles for German scholarly journals. Modeled on JSTOR, DigiZeitschriften is a collaboration of German libraries and publishers supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and hosted by the Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen. As of 2014, the archive contains 200 German academic titles in 19 subject areas, including 500,000 articles and 6 million pages. Additional material is added monthly.
The WBIS [33] database is the fulltext version of the microfiche collection consisting of 24 "archives," compilations of entries from biographical dictionaries pertaining to various countries and regions.
More details about each of these offers can be found when logged in to eDesiderata [34].
Some offers may be exclusive to GNARP members. Institutions are encouraged to join GNARP [35].
“The World According to GNARP: Prospects for Transatlantic Library Partnership in the Digital Age” conference at the Frankfurt Book Fair, Oct. 5-7, 2006. German site containing papers and presentations. [38] General information and schedule of the conference. [39]
Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek [40] PowerPoint presentation by Don Panzera of the Library of Congress and Evelinde Hutzler of the University of Regensburg Library at ALA Midwinter 2005, Boston
German Resources Project meeting program [41] 29 July 2003 at the Goethe Institut, Munich
“ [42]Types of Digital Library Cooperation in German Studies [43]” [44] A paper delivered at the ACRL/WESS Program in Toronto on June 23, 2003, by Richard Hacken
Oriental Libraries at the State and University Library Saxony-Anhalt [45], Universitäts-und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt ALA 7 June 2000, Chicago
The Judaica-Division of the Stadt- und Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt am Main [46] by Rachel Heuberger
The Bavarian State Library: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow [47] Claudia Fabian, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, July 2000
Through its activities, the Collection Development Working Group will establish a framework for developing strategies and initiate projects to foster the growth of and increase access to German language print and electronic collections and lead to more effective collaboration among libraries. As part of these efforts, the Working Group can create virtual or in-person programmatic events.
The Engagement and Outreach Working Group was initiated in 2020. It promotes the involvement of existing members and builds partnerships with librarians in German-speaking countries through professional development virtual or in-person information exchanges. It administers awarding of professional development stipends to librarians or library staff from member institutions or personal GNARP members for conference travel, research projects, virtual conference attendance, or other professional development training.
Librarian Exchanges [49] (no longer active)
The Librarian Exchanges Working Group was active from 2007 to 2020 and aimed to promote and intensify the professional exchange between librarians from Germany and North America. The Librarian Exchanges Working Group encouraged GNARP members to present at conferences and take part in professional visits and exchange programs. All members of the professional community: professionals, faculty staff, and students were encouraged to participate in these exchanges.
The GNARP Workspace [3] is a wiki tool that members can access to review and edit or add content. It is open to GNARP members only. Contact [12] the CRL representative for information on access to the Workspace.
Through its activities, the Collection Development Working Group will establish a framework for developing strategies and initiate projects to foster the growth of and increase access to German language print and electronic collections and lead to more effective collaboration among libraries. As part of these efforts, the Working Group can create virtual or in-person programmatic events.
The Working Group’s charge includes but is not limited to the following:
GNARP’s Collection Development Working Group encourages its members to add their German language newspaper holdings to the ESS Libguide German-Language Newspaper Access in North America [23].
This Working Group also facilitates consortial licenses to many of the products listed on the Electronic Resources page [27].
Collecting German-language materials poses unique challenges for North American research libraries. Since not even the largest institutions have ever been able to approach a comprehensive acquisitions program for German-language resources, libraries have been unable to satisfy the working needs of scholars with their own collections.
Even those libraries traditionally relying on cooperative collection development programs and interlibrary loan have fallen short of their own goals. For these reasons the Collection Development Working Group, in meeting the challenges of German-language bibliography, will focus its efforts on promoting a higher level of interinstitutional and transatlantic cooperation, supported by new and emerging technologies.
The Collection Development Working Group’s Meeting Minutes and other information related to the ongoing work of the Working Group may be found in the Collection Development Working Group Workspace [51].
The Collection Development Working Group Workspace is a wiki tool that members can access to review and edit or add content. It is open only to GNARP Members. Contact [12] the CRL representative for information on access to the Workspace.
To join the Collection Development Working Group, contact [12] the CRL representative and provide your full name, e-mail address, and institutional affiliation.
The Engagement and Outreach Working Group promotes the involvement of existing members and builds partnerships with librarians in German-speaking countries through professional development information exchanges either virtually or in-person. This working group administers the awarding of professional development stipends to librarians or library staff from member institutions or personal GNARP members for conference travel, research projects, virtual conference attendance, or other professional development training.
The Working Group’s charge includes but is not limited to the following:
The Engagement and Outreach Working Group’s documentation related to the ongoing work of the Working Group may be found in the Engagement and Outreach Working Group Workspace [53].
The Engagement and Outreach Working Group Workspace is a wiki tool that members can access to review and edit or add content. It is open only to GNARP Members. Contact [12] the CRL representative for information on access to the Workspace.
To join the Engagement and Outreach Working Group, contact [12] the CRL representative and provide your full name, e-mail address, and institutional affiliation.
The Librarian Exchanges Working Group was active from 2007 to 2020 and aimed to promote and intensify the professional exchange between librarians from Germany and North America. The Librarian Exchanges Working Group encouraged GNARP members to present at conferences and take part in professional visits and exchange programs. All members of the professional community: professionals, faculty staff, and students were encouraged to participate in these exchanges. The Working Group sought collaboration with other committees in Germany and North America that are pursuing similar goals.
The Librarian Exchanges Working Group sponsored a survey in 2009 to collect information from North American institutions willing to host library school student interns from German-speaking countries.
The Librarian Exchanges Working Group solicited reports in 2011 from North American librarians who have done library-related travel in German-speaking countries and librarians from German-speaking countries who have done a library exchange in North America. The reports can be viewed by GNARP members on the Library Exchanges Working Group Workspace.
The Librarian Exchanges Working Group was formed in 2007 because the German Members of GNARP stressed an interest in having more exchange possibilities with libraries in North America. Furthermore, the Librarian Exchanges Working Group sought to promote professional exchange for American colleagues travelling to Germany. The Librarian Exchanges Working Group was dissolved in 2020 due to the lack of recent exchange activity.
The Working Group aimed to:
Librarians working in areas where they can foster strong ties between Germany and North America are a crucial resource for GNARP.
Meeting Minutes and other information related to the work of the Librarian Exchanges Working Group can be found in the Librarian Exchanges Working Group Workspace [54].
The Librarian Exchanges Working Group Workspace is a wiki tool that members can access to review and edit or add content. It is open only to GNARP Members. Contact [12] the CRL representative for information on access to the Workspace.
Links
[1] https://www.crl.edu/grn/gnarp/working-groups/collection-development
[2] https://www.crl.edu/grn/gnarp/working-groups/engagement-and-outreach
[3] http://workspace.crl.edu/display/GNARP/Home
[4] https://www.crl.edu/de/programs/gnarp
[5] https://www.crl.edu/impact/researching-habsburg-empire
[6] https://www.crl.edu/impact
[7] https://www.crl.edu/focus/spring-2008
[8] https://www.crl.edu/collections/topics/germany
[9] https://www.crl.edu/facets/germany
[10] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/%C3%BCber-gnarp
[11] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/%C3%BCber-gnarp/satzung
[12] https://www.crl.edu/grn/gnarp/contact-gnarp
[13] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/%C3%BCber-gnarp/protokolle-der-treffen-von-gnarp
[14] http://workspace.crl.edu/display/gnarpsc/Home
[15] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/%C3%BCber-gnarp/gnarp-vorstand
[16] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/%C3%BCber-gnarp/die-geschichte-von-gnarp
[17] https://www.crl.edu/grn/
[18] https://www.crl.edu/
[19] mailto:mbauhofer@crl.edu
[20] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/%C3%BCber-gnarp/mitglied-werden-bei-gnarp
[21] http://jott@berkeley.edu
[22] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/kontaktinformation-f%C3%BCr-gnarp
[23] https://acrl.libguides.com/germannewspapers
[24] http://www.ub.bildarchiv-dkg.uni-frankfurt.de
[25] https://www.degruyter.com/view/title/23716
[26] http://www.degruyter.de/indexEn.cfm
[27] https://www.crl.edu/grn/gnarp/current-projects/electronic-resources
[28] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/derzeitige-gnarp-projekte
[29] http://www.bdsl-online.de/
[30] http://www.blldb-online.de/
[31] http://www.munzinger.de/search/query?query.id=query-duden
[32] http://www.digizeitschriften.de/
[33] http://www.degruyter.de/cont/fb/nw/nwWbisEn.cfm
[34] https://edesiderata.crl.edu/
[35] https://www.crl.edu/grn/gnarp/about-gnarp/how-join
[36] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/derzeitige-gnarp-projekte/er
[37] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/liste-der-mitglieder
[38] http://www.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/messe/symposium2006/programme.html
[39] https://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/d6/attachments/pages/frankfurt2006.pdf
[40] https://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/d6/attachments/pages/ALA-%20E-JOURNAL%20COLLECTION%20BUILDING-Evi-3b.ppt
[41] http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wessweb/nl/Fall03/carmina.html
[42] https://www.crl.edu/javascript%3AShowBigCharacter%28%27ldquo%27%29
[43] http://www.lib.byu.edu/estu/wess/torontotalk.html
[44] https://www.crl.edu/javascript%3AShowBigCharacter%28%27rdquo%27%29
[45] https://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/d6/attachments/pages/orientsachanh.pdf
[46] https://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/d6/attachments/pages/Judaica%20Division%20Frankfurt%20University%20Library.pdf
[47] https://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/d6/attachments/pages/The%20Bavarian%20State%20Library_July%202000.pdf
[48] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/artikel-und-vortr%C3%A4ge
[49] https://www.crl.edu/grn/gnarp/working-groups/librarian-exchanges
[50] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/gnarp-arbeitsgruppen
[51] http://workspace.crl.edu/display/gnarpcd/Home
[52] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/gnarp-arbeitsgruppen/gnarp-arbeitsgruppe-bestandsaufbau
[53] https://workspace.crl.edu/display/GEOWG
[54] http://workspace.crl.edu/display/gnarple/Home
[55] https://www.crl.edu/de/grn/gnarp/austauschprogramme-f%C3%BCr-bibliothekare